661.635.213:622.364.1 Kimyo va kimyoviy texnologiyalar: Method for producing a fire retardant agent with nitric acid solutions of various concentrations

Method for producing a fire retardant agent with nitric acid solutions of various concentrations

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this work is to study the content of nitrate ions in the manifestation of the fire retardant effectiveness of the product of nitric acid processing of low-grade phosphorites for the fire protection of cellulose materials.

Methods. To achieve the goal of this study, a method was used to study the features of the processes of processing low-grade phosphorites with solutions of nitric acid in various concentrations. To study the effect of concentration (С_HNO3 = 5, 10, 20 %) on the solubility of samples (dust fraction (DF)), phosphorite layer-1 (FL1), phosphorite layer -2 (FL2), mineral mass (ММ) low-grade phosphorites and extraction of main flame retardant components Σfire retardant component experimental studies were carried out in the liquid phase. The following methods were used in the research process: chemical elemental analysis, microprobe analysis, infrared spectroscopy, potentiometry, viscometry, special methods for determining the flammability and fire protection of materials.

Results.Based on the results of studying the fire retardant effectiveness of solutions of nitrate processing of samples of low-grade phosphorites, it was discovered that all solutions exhibited fire retardant properties and increased content Σfire retardant component  solutions, depending on C_HNO3 = 5-20%, a monotonous increase in the flame retardant properties of liquid phases appears (∆m,%, -k∙10, Fig. 3 A, B) and the most satisfactory effect (∆m,% < 25%) is obtained when using 20% HNO₃ solution. Liquid and solid phases obtained by processing with 5-20% HNO₃ solutions belong to group II of fire retardant activity to ensure a decrease in the flammability of cellulose materials.

Conclusion. The research consists of developing an environmentally-effective technology for producing fire retardant substances by processing low-grade phosphorites and dust waste from the Kyzylkum phosphorite complex with acids that reduce the flammability of various cellulose materials by 82-95%, expanding production volumes and the range of import-substituting products based on the use of local raw materials.