Scientific and Technical Journal of Namangan Institute of Engineering and Technology

UO‘K 677.21 THE EFFECT OF THE ANGLE OF HEAT AGENT SUPPLY TO THE DRYING- CLEANING\ EQUIPMENT ON COTTON QUALITY AND CLEANING EFFICIENCY OF THE EQUIPMENT

2024-11-05T13:58:13+05:00

In order to effectively dry cotton and clean it from small impurities at the same time, the temperature of the air supplied from the upper side of the cleaner at a deviation angle of 300, 450, 600 degrees to the horizontal axis along the length of the cleaner is from 75 0C to 100 0C, the air consumption is from 8 thousand m3/hour to 10 when it is increased to thousand m3/h, the effect on the change of dirt in cotton and cleaning efficiency was studied.

GRAPHING CIRCLES, PARABOLAS, AND HYPERBOLAS USING SECOND-ORDER LINEAR EQUATIONS IN EXCEL

2024-12-07T14:10:18+05:00

Abstract: Second-order linear equations in the plane, i.e., geometric shapes such as circles, parabolas, and hyperbolas, are of significant importance in mathematical and scientific research, as well as in various other fields. The graphs of these shapes are used to model natural phenomena, the motion of mechanical and optical systems, and engineering and astronomy problems. Visualizing these shapes using Excel or other graphing software helps in understanding their properties more clearly.

ENERGETICS OF ADSORPTION OF WATER MOLECULES TO AEROSIL

2025-03-01T10:33:16+05:00

The article presents the characteristics of water molecules to aerosil based on thermodynamic laws. During the adsorption process, water molecules adsorbed to aerosil form ionic-molecular complexes with protons in active centers. Also, the adsorption isotherm, differential heat, entropy, and thermal equilibrium time were studied.

INCREASING THE USEFUL SURFACE OF THE MESH SURFACE

2025-03-04T11:09:32+05:00

Particular attention is paid to the design of the cotton separator used in the process of separating raw materials from air in the technology of primarily processing cotton. This process is crucial for preserving the natural quality indicators of cotton and cleaning it from small impurities. The cotton separator operates based on the efficiency of the mesh surface when separating air and raw material mixtures. The study investigated reforms aimed at increasing the useful surface area of the separator's mesh surface. This not only increases the efficiency of the separator, but also makes the process of cleaning cotton from small dust and impurities more efficient.

DEVELOPMENT OF COAL ENRICHMENT AND GAS EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE USE OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2024-10-16T20:50:49+05:00

This article presents information on how the enrichment of low-quality coal, amounting to 2.0 million tons with a high ash content, can lead to more efficient utilization. The aim of the study is to reduce the ash content by 20-35% and increase the calorific value to between 3600-5200 Kcal/kg. During the coal enrichment process, in-depth studies were conducted using potentiometric titration, FT-IR analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate the potential for an economic benefit of 1.3 billion Uzbek soms. This involves producing alternative energy sources through waste recycling, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing economic efficiency by implementing new technologies. The analysis of the experimental-industrial trials conducted via a pilot facility is also included.

ANALYSIS OF THE MAINTECHNOLOGICALPARAMETERS OF THE CONDENSER

2024-11-30T12:14:45+05:00

The article is presented an analysis of the results of the study of the main technological parameters of the existing and improved cotton fiber condenser. The air flow rate and the coefficient of resistance inside the existing and improved condenser are investigated.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF OBTAINING OXIDATION-STABLE VEGETABLE OILS

2025-02-27T14:55:26+05:00

The purpose of the research was to theoretically substantiate the principles of oxidation and directions in the development of ways to prevent the appearance of derivatives of oxidation of vegetable oils based on existing modern concepts and patterns. The article substantiates the sequence of oxidation stages and the factors influencing the intensity of the process. The authors, relying on the results of numerous studies conducted by scientists, argue that high-temperature treatment in the presence of enzymes, metal ions, phospholipid residues and various pigments, especially in a relatively humid environment, is a very important component in initiating the process of autooxidation of fatty acids. It is noted that inhibition or at least reduction of the factors of initiation of the primary oxidation process by forrafination in the presence of highly effective reagents leads to an increase in the shelf life of vegetable oils.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH SINGLE-LAYER AND MULTI-LAYER CYLINDRICAL WALLS IN BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

2025-03-03T13:02:41+05:00

This article presents an analysis of mathematical modeling processes for heat transfer in the walls of buildings and structures under current Uzbekistani conditions. The article also outlines the types of energy sources and the differences in the use of heat transfer processes during the construction of buildings, highlighting their main advantages and disadvantages.

STUDY OF THE QUALITY OF FRUIT PASTELA PRODUCTS

2024-11-04T13:55:59+05:00

The scientific article substantiates the importance of enriching the pastille with useful substances for the human body and including biologically valuable substances in the recipe of this confectionery product. The technological scheme of finished product production is selected. The results of microbiological, sanitary-chemical analyzes of raw materials and finished products are presented. In order to study the microbiological indicators of fruit lozenges, samples were prepared in laboratory conditions. In order to determine the shelf life of these samples, sanitary and microbiological analysis was carried out. In order to determine the shelf life of lozenges, the dynamics of microbiological indicators were observed for 210 days, and the shelf life was set at 180 days. At the same time, the optimal conditions for its storage Pastila confectionery met the requirements of GOST 6441-2014 and the storage temperature was (18 ± 3) ° C and relative humidity (not more than 75%).

STUDYING THE АLTERNАTIVE TECHNОLОGICАL FАCTОRS ОF THE LООM IN THE PRОDUCTIОN ОF TEXTILES BАSED ОN BАSАLT YАRN

2024-12-04T22:56:53+05:00

This pаper hаs studied the оptimаl cоnditiоns fоr the prоductiоn оf technicаl fаbric bаsed оn bаsаlt threаds аnd аlsо lооm. In textile prоductiоn, 11 sаmples оf bаsаlt threаd weаves were оbtаined with а lineаr density оf 300 tex with а cоmpоsitiоn оf 100%. Tо determine the degree оf influence оf the fаctоrs оn the оptimizаtiоn index, а rоtаtаble centrаl cоmpоsitiоn experiment hаs been cоnducted. Results shоwed thаt rоtаtаble centrаl cоmpоsite experiment оf the experimentаl methоdоlоgy оf tissue sаmples, аnd аlsо the secоnd-оrder regressiоn multifаctоr mаthemаticаl mоdel is prоduced. The Bоx-3 plаnning mаtrix is used tо cоnduct experiments tо оbtаin а mаthemаticаl mоdel оf the technоlоgicаl prоcess. In the lооm, the threаd tensiоn, the height оf the shed, аnd the vаlue оf the аverаge pоsitiоn were tаken аs input fаctоrs.

ISOTHERM OF BENZENE ADSORPTION AND DIFFERENTIAL HEAT OF ADSORPTION ON AgZSM-5 ZEOLITE

2025-03-01T10:09:17+05:00

Benzene, toluene, and para-xylene (kinetic diameters ~0.58 nm) are easily adsorbed onto ZSM-5 zeolites. The molecules of aromatic hydrocarbons repeatedly attach to the OH groups, migrate along the external surface of the zeolite before entering the micropores or desorbing. Molecules that can enter the micropores, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, are adsorbed more rapidly onto the SiOHA1 groups compared to the SiOH groups. For o-xylene molecules, which find it difficult to enter the pores, the adsorption rate on the remaining SiOH groups significantly increases. As the adsorption volume reaches saturation, the cation-free part of the zeolite, i.e., the silicalite portion, continues the adsorption process, resulting in two maxima and two minima. At an adsorption value of 1.53 mmol/g, the differential heat decreases to 54 kJ/mol. If we assume the density of benzene at experimental temperature to be the same as that in normal liquid form and calculate the volume occupied by the benzene molecules at saturation, we find that the AgZSM-5 zeolite occupies about ~0.16 cm³/g of the sorption volume, which constitutes approximately 94.7%. Thus, based on the experimental data, the following conclusion can be drawn: In the adsorption of benzene on AgZSM-5 zeolite, the benzene molecules localize around the active centers, forming a sandwich-like structure around the silver sites

SEPARATION OF COTTON FROM AIRFLOW IN PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS OF THE COTTON INDUSTRY

2025-03-04T11:03:13+05:00

This research focuses on enhancing the efficiency of cotton separation from airflow in pneumatic transport systems within the cotton industry. The study investigates the aerodynamic properties of separators, material characteristics, and challenges faced in the separation process. By introducing advanced technologies and optimizing separator designs, it becomes possible to regulate airflow, separate cotton without causing damage, and minimize energy consumption. The findings demonstrate that these improvements can enhance factory productivity and elevate the quality of cotton fiber. The outcomes of this research hold potential for fostering sustainable development in the cotton industry.

244224 On delayed technological objects and their characteristics

2024-10-09T15:14:26+05:00

^{This article provides information about delayed objects, the causes of their delay and methods of reducing their delay time.}

A Analysis of experiments on the process of deodorization of vegetable oil using floating nozzles

2024-11-29T15:52:54+05:00

In short , experiments have shown the effectiveness of a floating wooden nozzle device compered to exiting deodorizers. As a result of processing cottonseed oil in a new periodic device, various volatile components in the finished oil were reduced in a short time, which led to an improvement in the quality od the oil is coming. Based on the experiments conducted proposed facility, proposals for industrial construction were developed

PROGRESSIVE METHOD OF COTTON REGENERATION

2025-02-27T08:58:15+05:00

According to the conducted research, the main working parts of the device when extracting fly beads from waste in operating regenerator machines are the sawn-off drum knives and the grate grid, and their location, shape, and influence on each other affect the cleaning. In the devices used, the grate shape is cylindrical. During the operation of the device in the separation of fly beads from waste, cutting off fly beads from mixed waste with the maximum possible efficiency depends on the grate's geometric shape and the blades' location.

ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH ON SMALL WIND ENERGY DEVICES

2025-03-03T12:11:29+05:00

Mankind has been using wind energy for several centuries for various purposes. Today, wind energy is mainly used for electricity generation. Small capacity wind power plants (SCWPPs) are mainly used to supply electricity to small power consumers located in off-grid and remote areas. In recent years, various designs of SCWPPs have been developed, which differ from each other in aerodynamic properties, coefficient of useful work, design and a number of parameters. To date, many designs of horizontal and vertical axis SCWPPs have been created. This paper presents the analysis and results of research conducted on small wind power plants.

A Determinаtiоn оf seed dаmаge in the pneumаtic trаnspоrt system by cоnducting experiments

2024-10-31T17:19:45+05:00

In this аrticle, а number оf prоpоsаls fоr imprоving the prоcess оf trаnspоrting cоttоn by pneumаtic vehicle аre given. Reseаrch is primаrily аimed аt mаintаining the quаlity оf trаnspоrted cоttоn, reducing seed dаmаge. It wаs determined thаt the level оf mechаnicаl dаmаge tо the seed is reduced by fixing rubber tо the bent wоrking pаrts оf the pneumоpipe, which cаn аffect the cоttоn rаw mаteriаl

UDC 621.565.93/95 INFLUENCE OF SURFACE LAYER THICKNESS ON HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF THE DEVICE

2024-12-02T09:32:18+05:00

The results obtained show that increasing the thickness of the outer layer on the surface of the heat exchange pipe, in addition to reducing its heat transfer characteristics, also leads to a sharp increase in the hydraulic resistance in the pipe. This increases energy consumption and negatively affects the operation of the device at full capacity.

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE CRACK FORMATION DEVICE IN THE SHELL OF APRICOT KERNELS

2025-03-01T09:20:33+05:00

The article conducts research on the analysis of kinetic patterns of crack formation on the shell of apricot kernels. The analysis of various devices for processing fruit kernels is presented, as well as their disadvantages and advantages. Patent data and research works of scientists from far and near abroad on the formation of cracks on the shell and splitting of fruit kernels have been studied. Accordingly, a description of a technological device designed for splitting apricot kernels, operating in continuous operation, is given. On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, the geometric characteristics of the kernels of various apricot fruits were analyzed and the description of the forces acting on the splitting process was given, as well as the geometric parameters of apricot kernels were studied.

The developed device, based on theoretical and experimental studies, ensures the formation of a small crack in the shell of an apricot kernels, and also contributes to 85-87% of the integrity of the core when splitting in a continuous process.

MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF FLUFF

2025-03-04T10:53:08+05:00

According to the lint quality improvement plan, the following practical studies were carried out; based on the optimization of the parametrization of the final cleaning of seeds from weed impurities in the new selection mesh device, a new linter design was developed, by establishing a selection, mesh device that works intensively and provides seed cleaning without violating the technological regulations of the linter machine, rational parameters of the new linter were determined and recommended by implementation, as a result, positive economic efficiency was obtained, according to the results of theoretical and practical research and compared with the data of the existing linter and the new projection, mesh linter, with the adaptation, positive conclusions were obtained on the objectivity of the results of the study. The significance of the study's results is determined by the cleaning of seeds over all the surfaces of the mesh vibrating surfaces, as well as by the regularity of the release of weed impurities from the devices.

677.21.002.8 Difference in the length of individual yarn composition of twisted mixed yarn and comparative analysis of single-thread elongation deformations

2024-10-05T15:35:37+05:00

In this article investigated the mechanical properties of composite yarn which is made from a mixture of synthetic and cotton yarn. The all test results showed mechanical properties of composite yarn which is including lycra and polyester yarn more better then simple yarn.Therefore, we offer this kind of composite yarn desirable to use for the production of highly elastic knitted fabric. Additionally, textile and knitted fabrics made from composite yarn were highly elastic and soft with good mechanical properties than other yarn. The effect of the difference in the length of individual threads on the quality of the thread was determined during the process of adding threads. These values were graphed and analyzed for the effect of the machine on yarn stiffness.

543. 432:545. 82:546. 562 APPLICATION OF 1-(2-HYDROXY-1-NAPHTOAZO)-2-NAPHTHOL-4- SULFO ACID IN AMPEROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SCANDIUM ION

2024-11-09T14:06:55+05:00

Scandium metal is widely used in the production of heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant optical objects, in the production of expensive instruments in industry and medicine. The article is devoted to the detection of scandium ion using 1-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthoazo)-2-naphthol-4-sulfo acid on natural objects by electrochemical method. Optimum conditions for amperometric determination of scandium with 1-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthazo)-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid: at pH 2.58, voltage 0.6 V, reaction speed 3.7 seconds, participating 4 number of electrons on the electrode surface, and the Me:R ratio is 1:1 is found. Yb ³⁺, Cd ²⁺, Pb ²⁺, Fe ²⁺cations in a 1:1 mol ratio were found not to affect the determination of scandium. The accuracy of the developed method was 99.99 when using technological water analysis in the process of gold mining.

INVESTIGATION OF VERTICAL FORCED VIBRATION IN THE LONGITUDINAL - VERTICAL PLANE OF A BINDER THAT SOFTENS THE CRUSH BETWEEN COTTON ROWS

2025-02-26T17:23:11+05:00

The forces acting on the bobbin due to moisture, density, and hardness of the tangle formed between rows of cotton were studied. Roll on in the longitudinal - vertical plane, in addition to the forward motion, the aggregate of the blade performs a forced oscillating motion in the vertical direction. Forced vibration motion of the roller in the vertical direction was studied. It was found that the force was linearly dependent on the amount and speed of the deformation of the coil under the influence of rolling. The sum of the forces arising from the variation of the physico-mechanical properties of the concrete was found.[1] It can be seen from the analysis that, for the given working conditions, the quality of the smoothing of the roller by the roller was achieved due to its total mass, that is, the parallelogram mechanism and the joint mass, the uniformity of the pressure spring, and the correct choice of the angle of deviation from the horizon during the operation of the parallelogram mechanism's longitudinal pullers.[2]

WATER VAPOR ADSORPTION ISOTHERM IN ZEOLITES REGENERATED BY MICROWAVE THERMOXIDATION METHOD

2025-03-01T11:12:30+05:00

The research work carried out experimental work on the regeneration of synthetic zeolites of type A. Synthetic zeolites used in industry for drying and cleaning natural gas were regenerated by thermal and thermooxidation methods. The structure, adsorption capacity and chemical composition of the regenerated zeolites were studied. Work was carried out to improve the process by accelerating the regeneration by the thermooxidation method using microwaves.

DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DISTILLATE FRACTIONS

2025-03-11T10:30:51+05:00

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties of distillate fractions obtained during the rectification of a mixture of oil and gas condensate (30% oil and 70% gas condensate). The study was conducted with the aim of optimizing hydrocarbon feedstock processing, considering temperature ranges (20–200°C) and pressure (1–5 atm). Experimental data showed a significant impact of rectification conditions on the composition and quality of the resulting fractions. In particular, the use of packed-valve and valve columns achieved up to 75% yield of gasoline fractions and 15% heavy distillates with higher boiling points.

The study also included a comparative analysis of the infrared spectra of two samples of the oil and gas condensate mixture. The first sample was characterized by peaks at 1606.7 cm⁻¹ and 1507.6 cm⁻¹, indicating a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons, which play a crucial role in enhancing the anti-knock properties of gasoline and kerosene, increasing their octane rating. The second sample showed a lower content of aromatic hydrocarbons and a predominance of alkanes, making it more suitable for diesel fuel production, ensuring a high cetane number and improved combustibility.

The results obtained are of high practical significance for the petrochemical industry and can be used to improve hydrocarbon mixture processing technologies, as well as enhance the efficiency and environmental sustainability of these processes.

DESIGNING FABRICS FOR A GIVEN STRETCHABILITY

2024-10-29T09:51:28+05:00

The article presents the results of determining the geometric parameters of the fabric design method for a given stretchability. While studying literary and analytical studies, it was found that fabrics containing elastomers are very popular with consumers. In literary sources, there are practically no recommendations on the technology of manufacturing stretchable fabrics. The properties of stretchable yarns differ significantly from the properties of traditional yarns used in weaving. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the range of technological weaving modes in which it is possible to obtain stretchable blended fabrics with the inclusion of elastane yarns. The productivity of equipment and labor and the quality of manufactured products depend on the correctly selected technological parameters. The results of the study show that the optimal machine parameters are established mainly empirically, sometimes with the help of experimental studies, and for the experimental fabric they are individual. However, there are general patterns or initial prerequisites that must be taken into account when developing the optimal parameters

Cotton cleaner with multifaceted grates

2024-11-30T12:21:47+05:00

Based on the experiments carried out with a change in the number of sides of the grate in the area of pulling raw cotton, it has a sinusoidal shape relative to the faces of the grate, with different angles of location, which leads to the release of impurities of different masses and different depths in the cotton. Multi-faceted grates can hold the most loosely attached cotton flakes, which leads to repeated and uniform unloading on the teeth of the saw drum. Multi-faceted grates can hold the most loosely attached cotton flakes, which leads to repeated and uniform unloading on the teeth of the saw drum.

PREPARING PEACH SEED FOR OIL EXTRACTION AND IMPROVING OIL EXTRACTION THROUGH PRESSING

2025-03-01T09:11:22+05:00

This article discusses the technical technologies for preparing peach seeds for oil extraction before obtaining oil from peach fruit seeds. In other words, before extracting oil from peach seeds, the seeds need to be processed: cleaning the seeds, adjusting seed moisture, cracking the seeds, and grinding the seed kernel. The article also covers the methods of oil extraction from peach kernels using hot and cold pressing, explaining the processes of obtaining oil through both hot and cold pressing. The impact of hot pressing and cold pressing on samples of the same size and moisture content is also analyzed, with results shared.

ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND PROSPECTS FOR APPLICATION OF OPTICAL METHODS FOR CONTROL OF WORKING SURFACES OF CYLINDER LINERS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

2025-03-03T15:04:08+05:00

Purpose of the study: analysis of methods for assessing wear and monitoring of new and worn cylinder liners of diesel and gas diesel engines D-243. During the research, the laws of the theory of lubrication, wear friction, as well as methods based on existing regulatory documents were used. As can be seen from the analysis results, the main share of the yield falls on metal particles.It has been established that the content of wear products in samples of engine oil running on gaseous fuel is less than in samples of engine oil running on diesel fuel. After a given operating time, the condition of the cylinder liners of a gas engine based on diesel engines was monitored. Using a bore gauge micrometer, measurements of the internal diameter were taken in 8-10 planes. The measurement results show deviations from the specified size.

Improvement of the Linter Machine and Development of Its Working Scheme

2024-11-06T16:11:01+05:00

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tadqiqot paxta sanoatida linterlash jarayonini takomillashtirish va energiya samaradorligini oshirishga bag'ishlangan. Tadqiqot lint mahsulotlarini samarali tozalashni kuchaytirish, resurslarni tejaydigan texnologiyalarni joriy etish va lintlar jarayonida ishlab chiqarishni avtomatlashtirish imkoniyatlarini o'rganadi. Tozalash samaradorligini oshirish uchun yangi linters mashinasining texnologik jarayonlarida yangi tozalash moslamasi o'rnatildi, bu mahsulot sifati va jarayon samaradorligini oshirishga olib keldi. Bundan tashqari, tozalash moslamasi va asosiy ishchi qismlarining dizayni tahlil qilindi, bu esa samaradorlikni oshirish va resurslar samaradorligini oshirish imkonini beradi.

334.75(575.16) ISSUES OF DEVELOPING WOMEN'S ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2024-12-12T14:22:15+05:00

The organization and promotion of women's entrepreneurship are the wishes, desires, and main goals of leaders around the world. The reason is that women's entrepreneurship has its rightful place in the socio-economic development of the country. In the republic, special attention is paid to the organization and development of entrepreneurial entities, which are the drivers of the national economy, the problems associated with them, and their solutions. It is noteworthy that the state is creating a number of facilities and opportunities in this regard. From this point of view, the article highlights the importance, necessity, and relevance of the effective organization and development of women's entrepreneurship. A number of factors contributing to the development of women's entrepreneurship in the country, including the decrease in the number of registered marriages in recent years, the increase in divorces, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among people's deaths, the increase in the level of labor migration of the population, and similar factors.

SYNTHESIS OF MELAMINE-FORMALDEHYDE RESINS MODIFIED WITH N-BUTANOL

2025-03-01T10:58:22+05:00

The article discusses synthetic resins, specifically phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, and melamine-formaldehyde resins, as well as the process of modifying them with n-butanol. Melamine-formaldehyde resins are particularly in demand in the paint and coatings industry, as they improve viscosity and gloss, thereby enhancing product quality.During the modification process, the addition of n-butanol can alter the physicochemical properties of the resins, improving their workability and the quality of the final products. Research results showed that the modified resins exhibit greater stability, higher gloss, and excellent viscosity. This expands their application possibilities in the paint and coatings industry.The findings indicate that modification with n-butanol enhances the properties of the resins, allowing them to meet modern requirements and standards. Therefore, this research is significant for the production of synthetic resins and the improvement of their quality.

KINEMATICS OF THE FOOT IN A HEALTHY PERSON'S FOOT AND ANKLE INJURY

2025-03-04T11:15:54+05:00

This article presents the results of a phase analysis of foot movement dynamics. Pathological changes in the ankle joint and the causes of their occurrence were also analyzed, and the foot with a pathological condition of the ankle joint was studied. Based on the results of the analysis, the degree of pathology in the ankle joint was determined as a percentage.

RESEARCH RESULTS ON THE SELECTION OF THE MESH SURFACE OF A LINT-CLEANING DEVICE

2024-10-18T15:44:06+05:00

In this article, research was conducted to improve the “Linter” machine, which removes short fibers remaining in ginned cotton seeds at cotton ginneries By technical regulation, after the cotton raw material is ginned at cotton gins, the cotton seeds are lintered in Series 5LP linters to obtain lint widely used in the textile, chemical, and pulp and paper industries. However, the current state of cotton linters does not meet the growing demands of the cotton ginning industry The need to increase the productivity of the machines, improve the quality of the produced products, save energy resources and material costs in the production of lint and seeds, improve the equipment and technologies for the linting of seeds and the cleaning of lint, the optimal parameters of the working members of new machines and their operating modes. requires conducting theoretical and experimental studies that will allow us to choose.

The equation of motion of cotton fiber in the condenser

2024-11-30T12:17:54+05:00

This article is discussed the equation of motion of cotton fiber in the condenser, describing the motion of a fiber in a condenser, equations can be used that take into account the forces acting on the fiber, as well as the characteristics of the airflow and the interaction of the fiber with the surface of the condenser, calculating the value of the cross-sectional area, showed the dependence of the distance traveled by the fiber on the time in the condenser at the specified parameters

FILLING SAUCES FOR CANNED FISH AND THEIR LAYER KINETICS

2025-02-28T10:14:49+05:00

The article presents dressing sauces prepared on the basis of sauce-paste semi-finished products that can be used in the preparation of canned fish, and their physical properties, including the stability of the system as one of the indicators of the quality of sauces, stability. stratification and analysis of the conclusions obtained as a result of a large number of experiments are presented.

MODELING THE FUNCTIONALITIES OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR MANAGING MOVEMENT IN THE AIR

2025-03-03T14:53:28+05:00

Automated Traffic Control (ATC) systems are crucial in today's global aviation. This research employed mathematical approaches to model the functionalities of ATC systems. Using the created model, algorithms were developed to ensure the safe and efficient movement of aircraft. The research results were presented graphically and in tables, demonstrating an increase in system efficiency.

UO‘K 677.024.544 Theoretical Analysis of the Coefficient of Friction Induced by the Pressure Force of a Vertical Rope Acting from Above and Below

2024-11-04T22:53:03+05:00

This article presents a theoretical study of the coefficients of friction between a rope and a vertical pole when pressure forces are applied from above and below. To facilitate understanding of the mechanical processes, illustrations are provided. A mathematical relationship is established between the angle of the rope's winding around the pole and the work done by the frictional force. In developing this relationship, a small surface area is selected, and the characteristics of the forces acting on that area are examined. The results obtained are applied to the entire surface. Utilizing the solution of the established equation, a function relating the work of the frictional force to time is formulated, and its graph is presented. The plotted graphs fully represent the processes in practice, thereby confirming the theoretical and mechanical accuracy of the studied object.

OBTAINING AND ANALYZING CORRELATIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF THE SIZING PROCESS

2024-12-04T23:02:41+05:00

In this article, the influence of incoming and outgoing factors affecting the process of carding yarns in carding machine, as well as the quality of winding on the weaving bobbin, etc., are analyzed. The selected factors in the process of measuring the experiment in accordance with all the requirements of the theory of mathematical planning are the linear density of the yarn, the resistance of the air and the moisture of the raw materials. the possibility of disruption of processes and results is taken into account.

INNOVATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL PACKAGING FOR SEPARATING STORAGE OF TWO COMPONENTS, ALLOWING TO EXTEND THE LIFETIME WITHOUT PRESERVATIVES

2025-03-01T10:18:55+05:00

A container for separate storage of two components was developed, which allows to increase the functionality and reliability of containers, increase the volume of the container for the additional component and its shelf life, prepare working mixtures immediately before their use, simplify the design, using the standard capacity as a container for one of the components, facilitate assembly containers and its operation. Container elements (container for the main component, core for rupture of the membrane, container for the additional component, protective glass, lid, gasket and membrane) are made using easily recyclable and biodegradable materials.

EFFECT OF STEAM TEMPERATURE ON YARN MOISTURE REGULATION IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

2025-03-04T11:05:01+05:00

This paper examines steam temperature and its effect on moisture management properties in textile yarns. How steam temperature affects moisture uptake and release processes is examined, and effective management techniques to improve fabric quality are analyzed. Research is important for the introduction of new technologies in textile production.

665.6: 665.6/7: 662.6/.9 TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF PROCESSING PYROLYSIS DISTILLATE INTO MOTOR FUEL

2024-10-10T09:20:48+05:00

The main results of the study on the development of an effective technology for processing pyrolysis distillate into motor fuel, based on the catalytic process of hydrotreating raw materials and hydrogenation of intermediate technological products under relatively mild conditions, are presented. The main stages of the new technology are heating of raw materials and hydrogenated product in furnaces, two-stage catalytic processing of distillate and hydrogenated product, heating of raw materials and cooling of reaction products and separation of the gas product mixture with the release of hydrogen-containing gas.

UDK 664.34:637.144 PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF OIL TAKEN FROM SEEDS OF SAFFLOWER

2024-11-29T18:09:05+05:00

Considering the growing demand for vegetable oils today, after the autumn wheat harvest, vacant land areas are being used to grow secondary crops such as sunflower, safflower, sesame, soybean, and other unconventional oilseeds. The extracted oilseeds are then processed to meet the population's needs for vegetable oils and fat products.

EVALUATION OF AESTHETICITY OF WOMEN'S DRESS MODELS BASED ON DEEP LEARNING MODELS

2025-02-27T09:11:54+05:00

Currently, the assessment of aesthetic appeal is conducted through a visual analysis of the product, which includes a professional evaluation of its appearance in terms of harmony, proportionality, and originality. These assessments are based on the subjective perception of experts in the fields of fashion or design. This study presents the results of an aesthetic evaluation of women's dress models using deep learning neural network algorithms. To prepare the database of dress images used for training the network to assess aesthetic appeal, the following criteria were selected as key parameters of aesthetics: novelty of the model and construction, and the degree of compositional refinement of the design. For building the neural network model and conducting computations, the “Google Colaboratory” cloud platform was utilized, as it is specifically designed for implementing machine learning and deep neural network algorithms. Based on the proposed neural network architecture, a program was developed for recognizing the aesthetic appeal of images.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE FORM OF KEY PRINCIPLES FOR EFFECTIVE DECISION-MAKING

2025-03-03T12:14:58+05:00

The article considers a mathematical model of system analysis of technological processes as a tool for increasing the efficiency of management decision-making. The proposed approach is based on international principles of system analysis transformation, including target optimization, modeling processes and accounting for uncertainty factors. The model provides the possibility of formalizing complex processes and their structural decomposition, which ensures the development of sound decisions in process technology management. The results obtained can be applied in various industries focused on increasing productivity and reducing costs.

SIMULATION OF EQUATION OF MOTION OF THE NEW CONSTRUCTION GIN MACHINE.

2024-11-02T10:54:36+05:00

The article analyzes the moving mechanisms of the new gin design, creates kinematic diagrams of the feed rollers, peg drum, saw cylinder shafts and auger shaft for removing dead fiber. Based on the kinematic diagrams, dynamic models and equations of motion of the feed rollers, peg drum, saw cylinder shafts and auger shaft are created.

Research on physical and mechanical properties of fabrik selected for special clothing of preschool children

2024-12-02T14:18:57+05:00

This article discusses the research on physical and mechanical properties of fabrics and clothing proposed for preschool children to prevent contamination. The purpose of poposing special clothing is to consider the health and comfort of young childeren.

STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF PETROLEUM OILS AND THEIR EMULSIONS

2025-03-01T09:25:57+05:00

The article considers the stability features of water-petroleum emulsions formed on the basis of oil from the Northern Ortabulak and Northern Shurtan fields. The study was conducted taking into account differences in the composition of oil, including the content of paraffins, resins, asphaltenes and sulfur, as well as under different temperature conditions. It was found that a high concentration of paraffins contributes to a decrease in the stability of emulsions, facilitating demulsification, while resins and asphaltenes increase the stability of emulsions, hindering their destruction. The results obtained provide an opportunity to better understand the mechanism of the influence of oil composition on the demulsification process and can be useful for increasing the efficiency of oil preparation for processing.

AIR FLOW CONTROL FACTORS IN PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT DEVICE

2025-03-04T10:59:52+05:00

The article examines the possibilities of maintaining the initial quality parameters of raw cotton and increasing productivity by improving the air flow control device in pneumatic transport.

ALGORITHM FOR CREATING STRUCTURED DIAGRAMS OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS

2024-10-08T09:42:30+05:00

Abstract. As a unique approach to the research of automatic control systems, the algorithm for creating structural schemes, which is one of the forms of their mathematical models, is described. An example of the use of this algorithm is the structure of the automatic control system of the greenhouse temperature.

Objective.In this work, the object of research is the automatic control system, and the subject of research is the structural scheme of this system.

Methods.Systematic analysis was used as a research method in this work. According to the systematic analysis, the automatic control system is divided into parts, and the functions of the parts are shown in the structure.

Results.It is shown that if the automatic control system is divided into parts, i.e. elements, their mathematical description becomes easier. As a result of the work, an algorithm for creating structural schemes of automatic control systems is presented.

Conclusion.

In order to create a structural scheme of the automatic control system, it is necessary to differentiate and separate the elements of this system from each other in different ways; signs of the functional blocks of the management system were distinguished.

UDK 677.21.021 ANALYSIS OF COTTON FLOW BEHAVIOR IN DIFFERENT PNEUMATIC PIPES

2024-11-25T12:18:45+05:00

Abstract.

Objective. This article presents an analysis of the flow of cotton in different pneumatic pipes in the pneumatic transport system used in the delivery of cotton to the production workshops located in the cotton gin. Despite the fact that many scientific researches have been carried out to improve the components of the pneumatic transport system in the process of transporting cotton by pneumatic transport, researches on the pneumatic pipe and its hermeticity and the friction of the pipe with cotton have not been sufficiently studied in order to ensure the efficiency of the cotton raw material transportation in the air flow. In tube mills, seeded cotton hits the working surfaces and the resulting contact stresses are a major cause of seed and fiber damage. Three types of pneumatic elbows are proposed, namely ellipse, parabola and radial elbows. The analysis of cotton movement on three types of corner section is studied. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to study the analysis of cotton flow in pneumatic pipe.

FROM STREET TRAFFIC TO SPACE: INNOVATIONS IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

2025-02-27T08:53:08+05:00

This article explores the multifaceted innovations in autonomous vehicles (AVs), from the technological breakthroughs to societal impacts. It begins by highlighting how AVs have the potential to reshape transportation through automation, economic considerations, and shared mobility systems. Key technological advancements such as AI and machine learning are central to these transformations, enhancing vehicle safety and efficiency. The research also delves into urban planning and design challenges, addressing how cities need to adapt to AV integration. Ethical considerations, such as decision-making algorithms and moral implications, are also explored, emphasizing the interdisciplinary approach required. Additionally, advancements in aerial autonomous vehicles and UAVs are discussed, demonstrating the broad scope of autonomous technology across different transportation modes. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive analysis of AV innovations, from safety methodologies and AI frameworks to urban policy integration and the broader societal implications of autonomous systems.

THE ELEMENTS AND OXIDE CONTENT OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FELDSPAR

2025-03-03T10:04:08+05:00

In this article, the results of purifying feldspar from foreign compounds in its composition through the study of its chemical composition are described through the quantitative indicators of oxides and elements in the analysis of its chemical composition. Based on the obtained results, the mineralogical analysis of feldspar was studied, and it was substantiated that the purity level of silicon dioxide is higher in value compared to other elements.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MACHINE AGGREGATE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT PROCESS

2025-03-17T11:47:00+05:00

In the article, the mathematical model of the Tillage-cultivating unit was obtained. Based on the numerical solution of the system of motion equations of the machine unit, the laws of speed, acceleration and moment changes of the driving sprocket of the pile drum and chain transmission were determined depending on the resistance moment coming from the cutting. The laws of dependence of the average values of the vibration interval of the angular speed, acceleration and torques of the pile drum and the driven sprocket on the resistance moment were studied. Mechanical characteristics of pile drum and chain drive sprocket are determined.

629.423.1 Development of a program for determining eccentricity by analyzing the magnetic field in the air gap of an asynchronous motor

2024-10-31T13:30:01+05:00

This article examines the work on identifying motor defects by calculating the magnetic field in the air gap of asynchronous motor used in railway rolling stock at industrial enterprises. The software for calculations and visualization is programmed in Python, and its analysis is presented.

Modeling of laser processingof thin-walled steel gears

2024-11-30T14:24:11+05:00

The article provides information on the theoretical foundations, technological processes and equipment for laser cutting of steel from thin-walled (4-10 mm thick) gears, which of all laser processing technologies has received the widest industrial application. The process of cutting a light flux incident on a material, partially absorbed by the surface of the material, the molten film and the side surfaces of the cut, and partially reflected, has been studied. Physical phenomena in the cutting cavity and models for calculating the main technological parameters of the process are considered. In addition, an assessment is made of the technology of dry laser cleaning of the surface of a solid from contaminated particles based on rapid heating and thermal expansion of radiation-absorbing particles or the surface layer of the base material by a pulse of laser radiation. Recommendations are given for the selection of cutting modes for steel materials using continuous and pulse-periodic radiation from industrial lasers.The measurements made make it possible to determine the values of the specific radiation energy for different thicknesses of the material being cut. According to the calculation, the specific energy required to heat up to the melting temperature and melt a unit volume of steel is 12 J/mm³.The specific radiation energy decreases monotonically with increasing thickness of the material being cut. However, the measured P value is greater than the calculated value. It can be assumed that the decrease in specific radiation energy when cutting thick workpieces may be due to a more efficient use of the oxygen jet.

METHODS OF CONCENTRATION OF FRUIT JUICES AND THEIR ANALYSIS

2025-03-01T09:14:06+05:00

The paper considers the process of evaporation of water in multi-body vacuum evaporation plants to optimize the concentration of fruit juices. An analysis of the designs of vacuum evaporation plants for food concentration is given. Based on empirical dependencies and mathematical modeling, the optimal dynamics of the process is determined, which makes it possible to calculate the evaporation parameters to minimize energy consumption, as well as improve the quality of the finished product and reduce oxymethylfurfural. The results of the research can be used to economically optimize the technology, increasing productivity and efficiency of production processes.

SCIENTIFIC INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF COTTON GINING

2025-03-04T10:40:55+05:00

Today, it is becoming very important to conduct a thorough and serious study of the question of whether roller and saw gins used in the world cotton ginning industry for ginning fine and medium staple cotton cause mechanical damage to the fibers.

The results of the conducted scientific and practical studies show that the working element of the saw gins is a cylinder made of saw blades, which, as has been established, negatively affects the quality of the fiber and seeds in the process of joint operation of the grate with saw blades to separate the fiber from the seeds.

DETERMINATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE LENGTH OF THE TESTED YARN SAMPLES ON THEIR MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2024-11-09T11:27:32+05:00

This study investigates how yarn sample length affects its mechanical properties, specifically focusing on tensile strength and elongation under break. Using the YG026T tensile testing machine, yarn samples of varying lengths (200mm, 300mm, 400mm, and 500mm) were examined. Results indicated that shorter yarn samples exhibited higher relative breaking loads and elongation percentages compared to longer samples, which implies a significant relationship between sample length and breaking characteristics. These findings provide insights for optimizing weaving processes and adjusting parameters to enhance fabric quality.

EFFICIENT SEPARATION OF FIBERS FROM SAW TEETH IN THE NEWLY DESIGNED GIN MACHINE

2024-12-12T21:12:40+05:00

The article examines several models of the device for efficient air separation of fibers from a gin machine's saw teeth, analyzes them both theoretically and practically, tests the suggested device for efficient air separation of fibers from a gin machine's saw teeth, and develops a new design based on the findings. A simulation of the new design is carried out following the identification of the effective parameters for enhancing the air separation of fibers from a gin machine's saw teeth.

THERMODYNAMICS OF CONGO RED DYE ADSORPTION PROCESSES ON MINERAL AND CARBON ADSORBENTS

2025-03-01T11:08:49+05:00

This paper investigates the thermodynamic aspects of the adsorption processes of Congo red dye on four different types of adsorbents: steam-activated brown coal, enriched bentonite from Navbahor deposit, carbon based on waste polyethylene terephthalate bottles and Fe-intercalated bentonite. The study focuses on the analysis of enthalpy and entropy changes, which allow to estimate the energy efficiency and spontaneity of the adsorption processes. The results show that the adsorption of the dye is endothermic and is accompanied by a decrease in entropy, which indicates a significant degree of ordering during adsorption. The role of temperature in the efficiency of adsorption processes is emphasized and recommendations for the use of these adsorbents for wastewater treatment are proposed.

METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WASTE RECYCLING BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR

2025-03-04T11:21:05+05:00

Waste recycling is one of the most important measures in waste management policy. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the issue of waste recycling in our country. Enterprises that emit large amounts of harmful waste into the atmosphere and generate waste in industrial quantities should contribute to improving the environmental situation in the country. The way to solve these problems may be the introduction of environmental technologies at enterprises, which can be characterized as environmental modernization. Enterprises engaged in waste collection and sorting improve the environmental indicators of the territories in which they operate. This article explores methods for assessing the effectiveness of waste recycling businesses in the environmental sector. These methods focus on environmental impact reduction, economic efficiency improvement, and sustainable resource utilization. The study highlights key performance indicators (KPIs) and assessment frameworks that help measure the success of waste recycling initiatives.

DETERMINATION OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL FABRIC WITH A COMPLEX STRUCTURE

2024-10-29T09:42:20+05:00

The article reflects the research results on identifying alternative technological factors for producing functional fabrics with a complex structure on modern electronic weaving looms. New fabric samples with functional variable layers were developed on the Somet Thema Super Excel-190 (Italy) loom. For weaving experimental fabric samples, 100% cotton 25x2 tex linear density yarns were used as the body, and 50% cotton + 50% modal mixed yarns were used as the warp. Alternating fabric layers have a structure of a 6:1 ratio, in fabric formation in the loom, a six-layer part is formed, and then a single-layer part of the fabric is formed. This ratio of layers creates bumps and grooves on the surface of the fabric, which allows the bed to provide air exchange and moisture transfer for the patient, dry the product, and have massage properties due to the bumps and grooves. The air permeability of the fabric was selected as the main output factor for the alternative of the weaving process of the complex structure fabric on the loom.

Thе sсiеntifiс bаsis оf thе lightеnеd shаft

2024-11-30T12:19:43+05:00

In thе glоbаl dеvеlоpmеnt trеnd, spесiаl аttеntiоn is bеing pаid tо thе сrеаtiоn оf а simplifiеd nеw соnstruсtiоn оf thе wоrking bоdiеs оf tесhnоlоgiсаl mасhinеs, thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf struсturаl, kinеmаtiс аnd dуnаmiс аnаlуsis mеthоds tо justifу thеir pаrаmеtеrs, аnd thе сrеаtiоn оf tесhniquеs аnd tесhnоlоgiеs thаt еnsurе thе quаlitу pеrfоrmаnсе оf mасhinе-building prоduсtiоn prосеssеs, аnd thе сrеаtiоn оf thеir sсiеntifiс bаsis. оn а lаrgе sсаlе, sсiеntifiс аnd rеsеаrсh wоrk is bеing саrriеd оut.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ROSE HIPS IN FOOD TECHNOLOGY

2025-03-01T09:02:11+05:00

A morphological study of 5 types of rose hips for use in the food industry was carried out. For comparison, we took the species growing in the Namangan region: dog rose (Rosa canina L.), Kokand (Rosa kokanica.Regel), Fedchenko (Rosa fedtschenkoana Regel), Begger (Rosa beggeriana Schrenk), corymbifera (Rosa corymbifera Borkh.). The organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of a biologically active additive of different varieties of rosehip were studied, the pre-prepared fruits were separated from the seeds and extracted with water and ethyl alcohol.

DESCRIBING COMPUTATIONAL DOMAINS IN APPLICATIONS FOR SOLVING THREE-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES

2025-03-03T14:57:42+05:00

This article discusses the problems encountered in the creation of computer programs for solving three-dimensional problems of mathematical physics. The complexity of describing areas of problem solving for a computer is explained. A method of representing three-dimensional areas in the form of combinations of geometric shapes is proposed. A method for obtaining images of a flat section of the three-dimensional regions using the construction of a grid is discussed. A method for determining the location of points relative to three-dimensional areas is proposed.